近三十年来洞庭湖地区生态环境史研究述评

近三十年来,洞庭湖区生态环境史研究取得了长足的发展,形成了诸多相关成果,总体上来看,主要集中在两大问题上:一是考察洞庭湖区历史面貌演变过程及其原因,虽然观点纷纭各有重点,但将其看作一个动态的多种因素交织的复杂系统已逐渐成为共识;二是探讨湖区人类活动与生态环境变迁之间的关系,这一问题主要从堤垸兴废与生态环境、自然灾害与地方社会,以及人类社会的生态应对三个层面展开具体论述.这些研究虽然有不少观点值得借鉴,但也存在着重复研究较多、观点区分度不高等问题,须继续挖掘史料、拓宽视野与加强学科交流.

The Study of Environmental History of Dong-ting Lake Area in Recent Thirty Years

The recent thirty years have witnessed a lot of achievements in the research of environmental history of Dong-ting lake area,which generally focuses on two major issues:the first is to study the history of Dongting lake evolution and its causes.Although there are a lot of ideas and each has different focus,scholars have gradually formed a consensus that is to consider it as a dynamic multiple factors of complex systems.The second is to explore the relationship of human activities between ecological environment changes in Dongting lake area.This is carried out from three aspects:the construction of dam and ecological environment,the natural disaster and the local community,as well as the human society′s ecological response.Although many viewpoints are noteworthy from these studies,there are some problems,such as a lot of repeated studies and no obvious viewpoint discrimination,therefore,we must continue to excavate the historical data,to broaden their horizons and to strengthen the academic exchanges.