A note on the determinants of sexually transmitted disease rates |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA;2. Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL;3. Klinik Barmelweid, Barmelweid, Switzerland;4. County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency, Behavioral Health Services, San Diego, CA;1. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware, Mail Code 1932, Minneapolis, MN 55414;2. Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD;3. Department of Epidemiology and the Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD;4. Department of Cardiology, Mount Sinai St. Luke''s Roosevelt Hospital (Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center);5. University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405;6. National College of Natural Medicine, SW Porter Street, Portland, OR 97201;7. Division of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St. SE. Mayo Mail Code 508, Minneapolis, MN 55455;8. Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University;9. School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 33 Parnassus Ave, UC Hall, San Francisco, CA 94143;10. Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, Sulpizio Cardiovascular Center, 9434 Medical Center Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037;11. Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224;12. School of Medicine, University of California, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, Cardiology Section, mc 9111A, San Diego, CA 92161;13. School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN;14. Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA |
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| Abstract: | This paper addresses the impact of several factors on rates of sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the United States. Similar to existing studies, which proxy health outcomes by mortality rates or life expectancy, we find that health care spending improves health outcome. That is, using annual data over the 1960–1997 period, rates of syphilis, gonorrhea, and chancroid fall with increases in per capita health care expenditure. Furthermore, per capita income, per pupil education expenditure, as well as a host of socio-demographic variables, also affect STD rates. |
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