元明清江南学者开发西北水利的思想与实践

元明清时期,江南学者提倡开发西北水利,并有所实践。这里所说的西北,指黄河流域及其以北地区。他们认为,国家建都北京,却依靠漕运和海运江南粮食,使江南赋重民贫,而北方和西北广大地区地利不尽、水利不修,东南之重困由于西北之坐食。为了缓解对东南的粮食压力,他们提出发展西北水利的思想主张,但由于北方官员的反对而没有实现。

Jiangnan literati's Proposals and Practice of Irrigation Works in Nothwest China During Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties

It were Jiangnan literati who advocated and practided"The development of water conservency and argricultural irrigation in the northwest China"during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties Beijing was the capital of these Dynasties, but the state offcicers, troops were supplied by the Jiangnan peasants with their rice. The rice was transported in boats on the great Channel or ships through China seas from south of the Yangtse River to Beijing. Jiangnan literati believed that the state policy caused Jiang-nan people to become poorer and poorer, the land productivity in the northerwest of China was not made to work. In order to supply rice for Beijing nearby, and also to reduce the pressure of Jiangnan people, Jiangnan literati initiated that" the development of water conservency and argricultural irrigation in the northwest China", and practised it. The plan failed at last because the northe high officicers strongly protested it.