对洛克和孟德斯鸠“三权分立”学说的一种考察

在洛克和孟德斯鸠以后,"三权分立"学说深刻地影响了西方的政治思想和政治实践。可是直到今天为止,还仍然存在着对这一学说的某些根本误解。事实上,"三权分立"决不是把国家的主权分成三个互相独立的部分,因为在国家主权中"立法权"是最高的权力。另外,"三权分立"原则也体现了某种古典的"节制"美德,而它背后所包含的那些"实践智慧"也值得人们去进一步思考。

Investigation on Locke and Montesquieu's Doctrine of "Separation of Powers"

After Locke and Montesquieu,the doctrine of "separation of powers" has impacted on the western political thought and practice profoundly.But to this day,there are still some fundamental misunderstandings on this doctrine.In fact,"separation of powers" does not mean the division of sovereignty because the legislative is the highest power in the country.The principle of separation of powers also embodies a classic moderation virtue,and the practical wisdom which deserves people to think more about it.