试论日俄战争时期清政府的外交政策

1900年,俄国利用中国爆发义和团运动之机出兵,全面入侵东北,激化了与日本的矛盾,从而引发了1904年的日俄战争。为了维护东北主权,清政府利用日俄矛盾,进行中俄交涉,使俄国承诺撤军。在日俄战争爆发后,清政府鉴于未来形势发展的不确定性,采取了中立的外交政策。随着战争的发展,当出现日俄两国分割东北势力范围的倾向时,清政府的外交政策未能做出及时调整。战争结束后的日俄和谈中,中国作为战争的最大受害国,却被排斥于和谈之外,最终无奈地接受日俄重新划分东北势力范围的现实。

The Qing Government's Diplomacy During the Russo- Japanese War

Russia invaded the Northeast of China by herself when she was attacking Tianjin and Beijing with the other seven west countries in 1900.Russia's invading made the contradiction between China and Russia more acute.The other west countries especially Japan opposed Russian occupying the Northeast of China and the Russo-Japanese War broke out in 1904.To make Russian army leave the Northeast,the Qing government took neutrality in diplomatic policy but helped Japan secretly.After the war,China,the victimized country in the war,was kept out of the peace talks between Japan and Russia,and could not but accept the fact that the Northeast was divided by Japan and Russia.