建国初期农民协会兴起与隐退原因探析

建国初期,由于当时农村土地改革、巩固农村新生政权、调整农村阶级和社会关系的需要,农民协会作为中国共产党在农村所依靠的基本群众组织再度迅速兴起。但是,它并不是建立在利益共同体基础上的现代意义上的农民社团,由于近代以来国家政权强度进入农村导致出现国家和社会一体化的趋势,这时兴起的农民协会则仅具有着策略性、战术性和暂时性。随着农村在支持国家工业化优先发展战略方面的价值的突显,农村土地制度由农民所有制向集体化进一步的发展和农民互助合作运动的兴起,农民协会便失去了存在的合理性而悄然隐退。

Analysis on the Rise and Retreat of Peasant unions at the Beginning of the People' s Republic of China

Owing to the demands of reforming rural land ownership, strengthening the newly established government and regulating social classes and status in the countryside, peasant union, as the primary organization of peasants, rose again rapidly at the beginning of the People's Republic of China. However, the union is not the modern peasant association based on common benefits but the organization with natural qualities of stratagem, tactic and temporality due to the tendency of integration of state and society caused by contemporary state power's stepping into the countryside. Along with the first priority of China's industrialization, the supportive role of China countryside had become more and more predominant, which resulted in the transformation of rural land regulations from private ownership to collective ownership and the great boom of the cooperation among farmers. Therefore, peasant unions lost their base of political rationality and retreated consequently.