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Medical Complications of Female Genital Mutilation
Authors:Patricia Graham MD  Mary Rimsza MD
Institution:1. Health Promotion Program , Cowell Student Health Center, Stanford University , Stanford, California, 94305, USA;2. Stanford Heart Disease Prevention Program , Stanford University , Stanford, California, 94305, USA
Abstract:Abstract

More than 130 million women are subjected to genital mutilation. Despite increasing efforts to reduce the practice, there are many obstacles to eliminating this 2,000-year-old practice, which is based on strong cultural traditions. As college health clinicians provide care to more international students from countries where female genital mutilation is performed, increased awareness and knowledge of the procedure will enable clinicians to understand and manage its complications. We report a case of obstructive uropathy resulting in hydronephrosis secondary to female genital mutilation and review the medical literature regarding this and other complications of genital mutilation “surgery.”
Keywords:complications  female circumcision  female genital mutilation  hydronephrosis  obstructive uropathy
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