"女国民"的兴起:近代中国女性主体身份与文学实践

近代中国思想界对"国民—国家"关系的建构,个体国民身份在政治话语中的确立,为近代女性谋求新的身份认同开拓了话语空间和政治空间。近代先进女性也正是在这种话语空间和政治空间中,通过女性与国家之间责任和权利关系的辩难以及性别角色与国民身份的博弈,确立了独立的个体身份——"女国民"。尽管这一概念并未形成系统而具有实践指导意义的政治理论,但她们通过别开生面的文学实践,一再言说和强化着这一主体身份,形成了声势颇为浩大的"女国民"话语;同时也因对"女权"、"民权"、"天赋人权"等概念的不同理解,在相关话语场的内部形成了富有意义的张力。

Rising of the "Female Nationals":To Study the Female Subjects in the Literature Practice in Modern China

Owing to the appeared relationship of"national-nation"and national identity of individuals in modem China, the modem Chinese women began to seek for the new identity- -female nationals by discussing the women rights and duties on na- tional issues, especially from gender aspect. Even though the woman identity of female nationals did not form a systematical or practical theory, the literature practice relevant to female nationals strengthened this identity,finally produced a powerful dis- course. However, the different comprehension about the concepts of feminist, national rights and human fights made the discourse possess multiplicity to be expounded.