善与正义的现身

在追求善的生活过程中,为了避免直接民主引发的＂多数暴政＂和僭主政治对直接民主的恶意利用,柏拉图和亚里士多德提炼出了善与正义之关系的理论。柏拉图侧重于通过正义的哲学王或法律使善的理念现身,亚里士多德侧重于通过具体的公正谱系使正义现身。善与正义的关系本无优先性之分,但由于罗尔斯重述＂正义优先于善＂的论断,在反驳罗尔斯论断的过程中,社群主义重述＂善优先于正义＂的论断,使得善与正义的优先性之争成为西方自20世纪80年代以来争论的焦点。

Virtue and Justice's Dedication

In the life of pursuing virtue,in order to avoid the " tyranny of the majority" caused by pure democracy,and to avoid the malicious use of pure democracy by despot politics,Plato and Aristotles put forward the theory about the relationship between virtue and justice.Plato emphasized on making the idea of virtue dedicate through justicial philosophy or law,while Aristoteles leant towards making justice dedicate by specific justice pedigree.The relationship between virtue and justice is a problem of existing and existing way,commonly rooted in the ontology of virtue,with no priority.However,as Rawls iterates the statement of "justice precedes over virtue" and in the course of disproving Rawl’s statement,communalism iterate the statement of " virtue precedes over justice".Consequently,the dispute of the priority between virtue and justice has become the focus of the western countries since 1980s.