宋代宫廷习俗圈特征初探

宫延习俗与传统民俗学所关注的野蛮民族、农民、边民的民俗全然不同。在以上化下、移风易俗的传统习俗观念指导下，宫廷习俗往往具有规范以及引导全民习俗的示范性和引领性；宫廷中社会群体之庞大及其等级之森严，再加上各个等级之间礼仪规定之严格，使得宫廷习俗呈现出繁复而有序以及习俗礼仪化的特点；宫廷社会群体对宏大与华贵场面的追求，对精致与典雅细节的热衷，又使其习俗尽显皇家威仪与皇家气派。而相对于前代尤其是唐代宫廷的开放、张扬与风流而言，宋代宫廷习俗又趋于封闭、内敛与整肃。习俗学（新民俗学）关注的是较传统民俗学视野更为开阔、多元的社会群体习俗、

Features of court custom circle of Song Dynasty

Different from the customs of barbaric tribes,farmers,frontier folks that traditional folklore studies,court custom used to act as exemplars for national custom.Court custom was very complicated and methodical due to the huge hierarchy of social groups involved and strict regulations of etiquette;Court social groups were fond of grandeur and elegance,which made court custom the very scene of royal air and dignity.Compared with the flaunting and frivolous style of court custom of Tang Dynasty,court custom of Song Dynasty was relatively closed,reserved and rigid.Folklore(new folklore) deals with folk customs of the more open and multicomponent social groups.