旅游特色小镇同质化困境及其破解——以云贵川地区为例

资源禀赋依赖、规划团队依赖、行政过度干预、社会资本介入等原因，导致旅游特色小镇的同质化现象已经普遍存在。云贵川地区旅游类特色小镇比重较大，同质化现象比较明显，但同质化竞争未必导致效率低下。大理喜洲以建筑抢眼，靠文化制胜；千户苗寨以业态完整，靠规模制胜；洛带古镇以历史厚重，靠创意制胜的建设经验验证了特色小镇的“个性生存”法则。基于此，提出三点建议：一是科学设计“适度距离”，优化特色小镇的空间布局；二是建立“跨省对话”机制，预防同质竞争于“未然”；三是规范设计“门槛条件”，使特色小镇级别与禀赋级别对号入座。

Analysis of Homogenization of Small Towns with Tourism Characteristics and the Solution to the Dilemma:A Case Study in Yunnan,Guizhou and Sichuan Provinces

Such factors asthe dependence on resource endowment and planning team,the excessive administrative intervention,and the intervention of social capital,etc.,have led to the homogenization of small towns with tourism characteristics.With obvious homogenization,the proportion of small towns with tourism characteristics in Yunnan,Guizhou and Sichuan provinces is large;however,the homogenization competition may not cause inefficiency.Xizhou in Dali is eye-catching in architecture and culture;Thousand-Miao Village is famous for its integrated industry and scale;and Luodai Ancient Town wins favor for its profound history and originality.Based on this,three suggestions are put forward that the "appropriate distance" should be scientifically designed to optimize the spatial layout of characteristic towns,a mechanism of "inter-provincial dialogue" should be established to prevent possible homogeneous competition,and the design of "threshold conditions" should be standardized to make the level of characteristic town match the endowment level.