北京市停车换乘行为影响因素分析

基于文献综述将影响北京市私家车出行者选择停车换乘(P&R)模式的因素分为六类,通过深度访谈确定17项具体因素;通过SP调查法建立二项Logit模型筛选出对出行者选择P&R模式影响显著的因素并分析其影响机理;同时,针对与P&R设施特征相关的3项因素设计正交试验,分析出行者的敏感程度。研究结果表明:影响北京市私家车出行者选择P&R的因素有学历、职业、家庭月收入、出行距离、中心区道路拥挤水平、中心区寻找车位时间、中心区停车费、P&R车位供给以及P&R设施与公交站台之间的步行时间;出行者对P&R设施变量的敏感程度依次为P&R车位供给、P&R设施与站台间步行时间以及P&R停车费。由结论建议:北京市政府应增加P&R设施数量、合理选址、与公交紧密衔接、收费适当提高并智能化、加强宣传以及制定相关配套政策。

Analysis on the Impact Factors of Park-and-Ride Behaviors in Beijing

Based on the literature review,the factors affecting the private car traveler's choice of Park-and-Ride (P&R) are divided into six categories,and 17 specific factors are identified through in-depth interviews in Beijing.The SP survey and the Binomial Logit model are used to screen out the factors that have significant impact on the P&R model choice of Beijing travelers andthe impact mechanism is analyzed.Meanwhile,orthogonal experiments were conducted on the three factors related to the characteristics of P&R facilities to analyze travelers' sensitivity.The results show that factors affecting the choice of P&R for private car travelers in Beijing include education,occupation,family monthly income,travel distance,road congestion level in central areas,parking time in central areas,parking fee in central areas,P&R parking space supply and walking time between P&R facilities and stations.Travelers' sensitivity to P&R facility variables is P&R parking space supply,walking time between P&R facilities and stations and P&R parking fees.Therefore,Beijing Municipal Government should increase the number of P&R facilities,select P&R sites rationally,link P&R facilities with transit closely,increase P&R parking fees properly and charge intelligently,share information,strengthen publicity,and formulate relevant supporting policies.