中医针灸本硕博人才分层培养的实践与思考

高质量针灸人才的培养是推动学科发展的核心要素。通过对“本”“硕”“博”本义及其延伸内涵的思考与分析，结合高校针灸推拿学本科、硕士、博士不同层次的人才培养重点、关键目标及培养实际和实践，总结凝练出“固本铸魂—积石拓新—睿心博智”的本、硕、博针灸人才分层分类培养的育人理念，即本科阶段应强基固本，注重学生核心价值观和针灸专业基础的培养；硕士阶段应蓄积沉淀，加强知识整合应用和实践创新能力的培养；博士阶段需睿心博智，侧重于对知识的敏锐洞察、深厚认知和探索能力的培养。这一理念明晰了本、硕、博人才培养的不同定位、关键目标和差异，初步构建了中医针灸不同层次人才分类、分层培养的思路与方法，为针灸推拿学高质量、应用型、创新型人才分类培养提供了思路和实践参考。

Practice and Thinking on Hierarchical Cultivation of Undergraduate,Master and Doctoral Talents in Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Traditional Chinese Medicine

The cultivation of high-quality acupuncture and moxibustion talents is the core element to promote the development of the discipline. Through thinking and analyzing the original meaning and extended connotation of "undergraduate, master, and doctor", combined with the talent training priorities, key objectives, along with training practice and practice of different levels of undergraduate, master, and doctor of the major of acupuncture, moxibustion and tuinain in colleges and universities, the paper summarized and condensed the education concept of "consolidating-innovating-enlightening". Namely, we should strengthen and consolidate the foundation at the undergraduate stage, as well as pay attention to the cultivation of students' core values and professional basis of acupuncture and moxibustion. In the master's stage, we should accumulate and strengthen the cultivation of knowledge integration and application along with practical innovation ability. The doctoral stage needs to be enlightening, focusing on the cultivation of insight, cognition and exploration. This concept clarifies the different orientations, key objectives and differences of the cultivation of undergraduate, master and doctoral talents, initially constructs the ideas and methods of the classification of different hierarchical talents in acupuncture and moxibustion in traditional Chinese medicine, and provides ideas and practical references for the classified cultivation of high-quality, application and innovation oriented talents in acupuncture, moxibustion and tuina.