气候灾害防治之国际环境法机制探析

极具突发性、多样性和极端性的气候灾害造成的损失损害已严重威胁到人类的持续生存和可持续发展。迄今，国际社会虽然对于气候灾害防治的重视程度在不断提高，十分注重气候灾害的预警与防御、国际协作等机制的构建，但于应对气候变化之不利影响尤其是气候灾害所致损失损害的防治上，在相关政府间应对气候变化进程的统筹协调、系统性和执行力、资金支助以及“南北合作”的主导性等方面存在着明显的局限性。对此，国际社会应以预防原则为圭臬，以“华沙机制”为中心，加强国家之间以及相关国际组织间的协调，细化“华沙机制”的相关规定，并于气候变化所致损失损害责任范畴内加强气候灾害防治之能力建设，以切实推动气候灾害防治之国际环境法机制的进一步完善。

An Analysis of the International Environmental Law Mechanism for Climate Disaster Prevention and Control

The loss and damage caused by extremely sudden, diverse and extreme climate disasters have seriously threatened the sustainable survival and development of human beings. So far, though the international community has been paying more and more attention to the prevention and control of climate disasters, and has attached great importance to the establishment of mechanisms such as early warning and defense of climate disasters, and international cooperation, it is still difficult to deal with the adverse effects of climate change, especially the prevention and control of loss and damage caused by climate disasters. On the other hand, there are obvious limitations in the overall coordination, systematization and execution, financial support and the dominance of “North-South cooperation” among relevant intergovernmental processes in addressing climate change. In this regard, the international community should take the precautionary principle as the standard, take Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage as the center, strengthen the coordination between countries and relevant international organizations, refine the relevant provisions of Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage , and deal with the loss and damage caused by climate change, strengthen the capacity building of climate disaster prevention and control within the scope of compensation responsibility of loss and damage caused by climate change, so as to effectively promote further improvement of the international environmental law mechanism for climate disaster prevention and control.