中国古代官吏选拔制度释义

中国古代历代开明君主都提出了一系列有关重视人才、识别人才、选拔人才和任用人才的思想原则和主张。而其官吏的选拔,隋以前以长官荐举为主,隋以后以公开报考、按成绩择优录用的科举制为主。保举任官起源于战国时期,宋代形成保举责任制,荐人者须对被荐者任职后的行为负连带责任,在一定程度上纠正了私谊滥举的不正之风。

On the Selection Practices of Chinese Government Officials in the Ancient Times

The feudalized enlightened monarchs in China in the ancient times worked out a series of ideological principles for attaching importance to talents, finding talents and selecting talents. The selection practices of feudal government officials are characterized by the recommendation of the chief official mainly before the Sui Dynasty and the imperial examinations covering open application and employment on the basis of competitive selection after the Sui Dynasty. The practices of guarantee recommendation of government officials dated back to the Warring States Period and in the Song Dynasty the responsibility system of guarantee recommendation of government officials was formed. According to the system, the guarantee recommender was responsible for the performance of the person he recommended. To some extent, it corrected the unhealthy tendency of abusive and selfish recommendations.