试论现代历史观念的演变与问题

以进步主义作为思想旨趣的现代历史观念产生于西方,随着地域性历史转向世界历史,进步主义的现代历史观念在全世界获得了主导性地位。但是,资本主义所开辟的世界历史,从一开始就存在着普世主义的道义与西方中心的强权的矛盾,并且使发展中国家陷入传统与现代的对立,难以实现全面的进步。自上世纪初迄今,进步主义的历史观念在世界范围内遭到现实与理论两方面挑战,成为人们质疑的对象,在西方更是呈衰落之势。通过对现代历史观念演变的梳理,我们可以从中发现现代历史的根本性问题,并由此对历史与现代的关系做出新的阐释。

A tentative research on the evolution and problems of the modern historical notions

Since the beginning of the last century, progressive historical notions have faced the practical and theoretical challenges in the world, becoming a object of question, and demonstrating a declining tendency in the West. An analysis of the evolution of the modern historical notions might lead to a discovery of the essential problems in the modem history, and thereby a new explanation of die relations between history and modernity.