走出保护与惩罚之间的迷思——未成年人犯罪案件中宽严相济刑事政策之再检视

宽严相济的基本刑事政策构成未成年人犯罪刑事政策的基础,＂教育为主、惩罚为辅＂原则是未成年人犯罪刑事政策的本体。14～16周岁的未成年人之所以成为转化型抢劫罪的犯罪主体,是因为转化型抢劫罪属于非身份犯,转化型抢劫罪与抢劫罪可做同质性评价,司法实务中的生态环境也认可这一观点。在此前提下,依行为人暴力行为所造成的后果轻重采取不同的出罪机制或者弱刑罚化路径,能够彰显宽严相济的基本刑事政策与＂教育为主、惩罚为辅＂的刑事政策理念。从而,实现规范与政策的有效弥合,达到制度与理念的和谐统一。

Settling the Perplexity between Penalty and Protection--Re- Examination of the Justice with Mercy in Juvenile Delinquency

"Tempering justice with mercy" constitutes the basis of the Chinese criminal policy toward juvenile delinquency.The nature of Chinese criminal policy towards juvenile delinquency is education supplemented by punishment".The juvenile at the age of 14~16 can become the subject of crime of transformed robbery,firstly because transformed robbery belongs to impure status,secondly because transformed robbery and robbery can be evaluated homogeneously,and finally because this viewpoint can be accepted in the ecological environment of judicial practice.Under this premise,in order to show the policy ideas of "tempering justice with mercy" and "education supplemented by punishment",the mechanism of innocent judgment and path of soft-penalization are constructed in accordance with the different consequences of violent behavior of transformed robbers.And thus criminal law norms are connected with policy,and the system harmonizes with idea in juvenile delinquency.