先秦诗歌鉴赏的发展轨迹

就现有资料而言,先秦时期较早的诗歌鉴赏者是季札。季札的诗歌鉴赏是诗乐结合,只谈对作品的笼统感受。季札之后的诗歌鉴赏代表者是孔子。孔子的诗歌鉴赏具有摘句鉴赏和整篇鉴赏两种形式和概括诗之主题、揭示诗之情感、表达读诗感受三个特点。孔子之后的诗歌鉴赏代表者是孟子。孟子的诗歌鉴赏形式与孔子的相同,但其在鉴赏实践中具有阐述鉴赏理论、引用他人的鉴赏材料、结合生活实际理解诗意等特点。从季札诗歌鉴赏到孔子诗歌鉴赏再到孟子诗歌鉴赏,大致反映了先秦诗歌鉴赏的发展情况。

Developing Trend of Poetic Appreciation in the Pre-Qin Period

Statistics show that the first appreciator of poetry in the pre-Qin period is Ji Zha,who talks about the overall feeling of a poem with special attention given to the combination of poetry and music.Confucius is the most famous poem appreciator after Ji.His appreciation may be that of specific poetic lines or a poem as a whole,revealing its theme,poetic sentiments and his own feelings after reading it.After Confucius comes Mencius,whose way of appreciation resembles that of Confucius.However,Mencius is diff...