论经学背景下的东汉归隐现象

汉武帝独尊儒术后,＂学而优则仕＂成为士人一种主要人生追求,但在经学兴盛的东汉,不少儒生却隐居不仕或暂时不仕。经学发达与隐居不仕这一表面上看似矛盾的现象,其实有着内在必然性,它与部分儒生清静无欲、专心经学有关,也是士人生存环境发生改变、汉代选官制度滞后的产物。这类士人或专心习经,或隐居教授,推动了东汉经学的发展;他们习经目的单纯,与当时社会上一些钻营者形成鲜明对比,无形中起了＂激贪厉俗＂的作用。东汉经学士子的隐逸,大多只是暂时的,并不表明学仕分途。

On the Seclusion of Eastern Han Dynasty in the Background of Confusion Classic Study

Since Emperor Wu of Han worshiped Confucianism only, ＂ good scholars following an official career＂ became a main pursuit for intellectuals. But many of them chose seclusion or not to assume any official position in Eastern Han Dynasty,as prosperity of Confucianism classic study. It seemed paradoxical but had an intrinsic connection between the prosperity of Confucianism classic study and seclusion. Their choice of seclusion was related that some of them concentrated on the classics and desired the peace and quiet. It also resulted from official- selecting system lagging behind the environmental change. These scholars focused on the Confucian classics or seclusion for teaching,thus made contribution to the Confusion classic research. Their purpose was simple and had a sharp contrast with the opportunists. They virtually played a role in restraining the greed and encouraging the good social conduct. But the seclusion of Confucian scholars in Eastern Han Dynasty were almost temporary,could not indicate the separation of the intellectual and their official career.