Reproductive strategy of the sugi bark borer,Semanotus japonicus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) on Japanese cedar,Cryptomeria japonica |
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Authors: | Ei'ichi Shibata |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Forest Protection, School of Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, 464-01 Nagoya, Japan |
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Abstract: | The inner bark of Japanese cedar,Cryptomeria japonica D. Don., is the main food of the sugi bark borer,Semanotus japonicus Lacordaire, but may also be involved in resistance to attack by the borer. I used newly hatched larvae to inoculate cedar
logs that had been cut 2-weeks to 12-months earlier, and undamaged living cedar trees. On living trees, all larvae were killed
by resin flow from the traumatic resin canals between the outer- and inner bark or between the inner bark and cambium. In
logs that were cut more than 4 months prior to inoculation, larvae were unable to complete development. In logs cut 2 weeks
prior to inoculation, almost all larvae were able to reach the adult stage but they were smaller in size than adults from
living trees damaged by this borer. These results suggest that poor nutrient conditions in the inner bark of logs affected
development and survival of the borer. Because of its nutritional advantage, living cedars provide a better environment for
the sugi bark borer. However, all larvae are killed by resin flow, suggesting that this insect is “in between” being primary
and secondary with respect to living trees, or a “weak” primary insect. The sugi bark borer seems to develop early in the
season so that early instar larvae encounter reduced amounts of resin flow and so that late-instar larvae feed mostly in summer
when nutrient levels in the inner bark are at their highest. |
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Keywords: | insect-plant relationship Japanese cedar nutrient condition reproductive strategy Semanotus japonicus tree resistance |
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