试析毛泽东的现代化目标设计与政策选择

建国以后,毛泽东提出了我国现代化的战略目标和实现目标的时间与步骤,但在实现现代化目标的政策选择上,毛泽东注重用阶级斗争、政治运动的方法来推进现代化建设;强调社会主义制度建立后生产关系、上层建筑对生产力发展的反作用,忽视了生产力发展的本身要求;强调人的价值观念、思想意识和意志是建设社会主义的主要因素,而无视在社会主义现代化进程中人们所处的客观经济条件的制约和限制;同时,毛泽东对知识和知识分子、对教育和科学技术在实现现代化战略目标中的地位和作用也缺乏重视,从而延缓了我国社会主义现代化建设的进程。

Mao Zedong's Strategic Design of Modernization and Policy Selection

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong set up the strategic objectives for modernization and proposed a timetable. In terms of policy selection, however, Mao stressed on the advancement of modernization through class struggle and political movements, attaching too much to the reaction of the production relations and superstructure on productive forces, after the establishment of socialist system, thus neglecting their own requirements. He gave priority to the values, ideology, and willpower as the primary factors to the socialist construction, only to disregard the limitation and restriction of the existing economic conditions. Meanwhile, inadequate attention was paid to the status and function of knowledge, intellectuals, education, science and technology and their role in the realization of modernization. As a result, the progress of China's socialist modernization was retarded.