“七月革命”与埃及现代化进程的路标性转换

19世纪上半期开始的埃及现代化进程由于英国殖民主义入侵和统治而中断,1952年以纳赛尔为首的自由军官组织领导"七月革命"成功,1953年埃及被宣布为共和国,标志着埃及现代化进程的新纪元.第一,它实现了埃及民族国家重建和主权独立;第二,它完成了埃及政治现代化模式的制度性转换,即把埃及从一个殖民性君主专制国家带入了共和制时代;第三,在经济上它使埃及摆脱了对外国资本的依附,走上改革振兴之路;第四,纳赛尔主义上升为国家意识形态的主流意识,指导着埃及国家的全面发展;第五,埃及由一个政教合一的封建制国家成为一个世俗化的现代国家.这些对埃及的现代化都具有深远的影响和意义.

"The July Revolution" and Egyptian Modernization's Transformation

The process of the Egypt' modernization which began at early 19 century was interrupted by the invasion and control of the Britain colonialism. The Free officer' revolution opened a new era of the Egypt' modernization process. Firstly, it made the Egypt national country rebuilt and made its sovereignty independent. Secondly, it finished the transformation on the system of the Egypt politics modernization and led the Egypt to a republic from a colonized country that was controlled by sovereign. Thirdly, it made Egypt independent from the foreign capital and began the road of the reform and revival. Fourthly, Nasserism became the main idea of the country's ideology, which instructed the whole countries' development of the Egypt. Lastly, it made modern Egypt a secular country.