两岸航空区际法律适用制度比较论纲

航空直航是两岸经济文化交流的重要路径。两岸航空法律冲突的存在导致航空直航中当事人利益保护的不确定性。当事人在发生纠纷时无法确定准据法, 难以确定其权利义务分配的法律效力。两岸航空法律适用制度的冲突加剧了实体法冲突的消极影响。两岸航空直航运输合同法律适用制度、航空器权利法律适用制度、旅客权利能力与行为能力法律适用制度及侵权法律适用制度均存在一定程度的差异, 其准据法的连接点、法律选择方法与价值考量迥异。两岸航空私法冲突属于区际法律冲突, 与国际私法冲突存在一定差别。应当制定区际私法, 以解决两岸航空法律冲突问题。

A Comparative Study on Private Interregional Air Law between the Strait

The Cross-Strait Air Transport is an important way for economy and culture exchanging between the strait. However, the conflict of air laws leads to uncertainty and negative influence upon the interests of the parties concerned. The parties cannot predict which law may be applied to the disputes and do not know if the allocation of their rights and obligations is valid or not. The applicable rules on contract of air carriage, the rights and interests in aircraft, passenger's capacity for right and capacity for act, and tort are different in many ways. For instance, the applicable laws to air disputes vary from connection factors, the choice approach and the value consideration thereof. The nature of the said conflict is interregional conflict of air laws, which has discrepancies with private international law. Therefore, a private Interregional air law shall be made so as to solve the conflict of air laws between the strait.