新形势下农村基层“两委”关系的摩擦类型及对策分析

村民自治是人民公社制度解体后为填补土地集体所有者主体缺位而产生的乡村新型组织形式,推行至今已经20多年,由于法律和制度规定模糊,实际运行中出现了＂两委＂关系不顺、运行机制不规范等问题,主要表现为村委会主任和支部书记争权力大小,村委会与村党支部两套领导班子不合,由于宗族、派性的渗入而导致村委会和乡镇政府管理权力的冲突等三种类型。为解决这些问题,有的地方探索出＂三配套＂、村＂两委＂成员交叉任职、＂两委合一＂、＂两票制＂等实践模式。这些模式并不能从根本上理顺村＂两委＂及其与乡镇政府的权力运行关系。要保证村民自治的规范化运行,除了相关的法律和制度调整,还要进一步明确乡镇政府的职能定位,转变乡镇政府的观念和工作方式。

A Study of the Friction between the Two Committees in Rural Areas under the New Situation and Countermeasures

In villages,there are in effect two systems of leadership: the village committee and the Party branch.The committee director and Party branch secretary strive for administrative power.To solve this conflict,some forms of tentative modes are in practice such as overlapping members of the two systems and the combination of the two systems,which,however,fail to smooth out their leadership.It is pointed out that certain adjustments are needed in terms of law and regulations to further clarity the function and r...