论经济法视野中的经营者——基于不正当竞争案判例的整理与研究

在经济法学理论研究和司法实践中,大家对医院、律师事务所、行业协会等是否属于我国《反不正当竞争法》所规定的经营者,进而能否适用该法,存在较大的争议与分歧。分歧的焦点在于经营者是否应当具备营利性特征,实质则在于以何种部门法的视野去观察与把握。鉴于《反不正当竞争法》的特殊法益与调整对象,我们应当以经济法的视野考察经营者的内涵与外延,不应适用商法意义上的营利性,而仅关注其是否从市场交易中获得对价进而对市场竞争秩序产生影响。

The Concept of Operator in the Perspective of Economic Law——Based on the Cases of Anti-Unfair Competition

It is much debated whether the concept of operator in the Anti-Unfair Competition Law covers hospital, law agency and guild, so that the law can be applied to them. The focal question is whether the operator should be profit-seeker, and which section law can be applied to it. Considering the special legal interest and object of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law, it is appropriate to understand the concept of operator in the perspective of economic law rather than commercial law, now that the latter cares much whether profits have been made in transaction.