口述史三题--怎样采集和解读

本文旨在讨论村镇口述史的学术价值和研究方法。口述史是社会史研究的重要依据。采集口述史时 ,问题预设宜细 ,价值预设宜宽 ;既要关注流行性的地方故事并辨析其可能存在的重建性 ,也要善于从不言而喻的日常生活中发现社会运行的轨迹 ;综合把握何人回忆、回忆的年代和场合以及叙述人与事件的关系等几个要素 ,有助于达到回忆真实和历史真实的统一。

Word- of-mouth History: How to Collect and Read

This paper is intended to discuss the academic value and way of study of word-of-mouth history in villages and towns. Word-of-mouth history is very important to the study of social history. In collecting word-of-mouth history, problems and their values should be clear; attention should be paid to local popular stories to see whether they are true or not; social development should be found from evident daily life. Mastering the person, age, occasion and the relation between narrators and their statements will be helpful to recalling the reality of history.