防风氏散论

中国"五帝时代"进入图腾社会晚期,尧杀蚩尤、尧禅舜、禹放舜等重大事件反映了熊、蛇、鸟三大族团此长彼消的斗争史。防风氏以凤凰为图腾,不仅属于东夷鸟族,而且很可能是舜族后裔中的一支。夏商周三代主要就是一部夷夏关系史,其中也包括防风氏与夏人的抗衡。浙江地区尤其是德清的传说与民俗活动,反映出防风氏是集创世神、始祖神、治水英雄、农业文明缔造者等于一身的大神,而且其起源远早于史册记载。防风氏早期活动于山东,后来主体部分转移,但是北方仍有遗裔,在南方其文化分布和影响也不限于浙江,如江苏、安徽、江西乃至云贵都有防风氏传说,因此研究防风文化具有重大意义。

On Fangfeng

The era of five emperors of china comes into the late stage of totem society.The important events of Yao killing Chiyou,Yao handing over the power to Shun and Yu sending Shun away reflects the fighting history of bear tribe,snake tribe and bird tribe.Fangfeng takes phoenix as the totem,it is not only belong to the southern bird tribe but also maybe belong to the descendants of Shun.The three dynasties of Xia,Shang and Zhou represent the history of the relation between Yi and Xia which include the fighting between Fangfeng and Xia people.The legends of Deqing and the folk activities in Zhejiang district reflect that Fangfeng combines the god of creation,the god of origin and the god of preventing floods and the founder of agriculture civilization together,and their origin precedes the records of history.The early activities of Fangfeng begin in Shandong,and then transferred the main parts with some descendants in the north part.In south part of china,Fangfeng’s distribution and reflection are not limited in Zhejiang but in Jiangsu,Anhui,Jiangxi and Yungui;therefore,the researches of fangfeng culture have great meaning.