明代总理河道考

明代的中央财政收入,依赖于东南地区,通过运河输送至京。为保证漕运的畅通,自明宪宗时在中央设立总理河道一职,专门负责运河管理。总理河道官员身兼数衔,有权节制地方军卫和有司,对运河的河道设施及通航秩序进行有效的管理,最大限度地保障了南方赋税的北运。总理河道的设立,不仅对明代水路交通的发展极为有利,而且对明朝商品经济的发展与政权的巩固都起到了很重要的作用,这一制度也为此后的清政府沿用。

The Canal Governor in Ming Dynasty

The Ming Dynasty’s central fiscal revenue depended on the southeast area,and delivered to Beijing through the Great Canal. To ensure the smooth of water transport, the Emperor Ming xianzong began to reign the Canal Governor at the central level to be responsible for the managements of the Canal. The Canal Governor had the right to control the JunWei nearby the Canal and the local governments at various levels, so the Canal’s navigation facilities had got their effective managements, it played a very important rule that helped to protect the central fiscal revenue and to consolidate the Ming Dynasty to maintain political power. This system of the Canal Management was adopted by the Qing government.