承接产业转移的环境效应及其区域差异的实证研究--以山东省为例

后发地区承接发达地区的产业转移促进了其经济迅速发展，但资源环境问题也日益凸显。利用山东省17地级市的2009-2013年的面板数据，将外商直接投资和新建企业作为承接产业转移变量，引入人均地区生产总值、第二产业比重和单位工业产值电耗控制变量，构建面板随机效应模型，实证分析各变量对山东省工业废水、工业二氧化硫排放量和工业固体废弃物排放的影响，并对东西部地区的影响进行区域差异分析。结果显示，外商直接投资和新建企业对工业二氧化硫和固体废弃物排放为负，“污染避难所假说”在山东省并不成立。而其他控制变量对工业"三废"排放的影响有一定差异，且对山东省东西部影响也有区域差异。从东西部区域承接产业转移对工业二氧化硫和工业废水的排放的影响看，"污染避难所假说"在西部地区成立，在东部地区不成立，且存在"污染光环"效应。

An Empirical Research on the Environmental Effects and the Regional Differences of Undertaking Industrial Transfer A case study on Shandong Province

Undertaking industrial transfer from developed regions promotes the economic development in developing regions,but the resources and environmental problems have become increasingly promi-nent.Making use of the panel data of 17 municipal cities in Shandong Province from 2009 to 2013,this paper takes foreign direct investment and the establishment of new enterprises as variables of under-taking industrial transfer,and introduces per capita GDP,the proportion of secondary industry,and power consumption unit of industrial output in building a panel random effects model.An empirical a-nalysis is conducted to evaluate the impact of the variables on the industrial SO2 emissions,the indus-trial solid waste,and the industrial wastewater,and the regional differences between the east and the west of Shandong Province.The results show that foreign direct investment and the establishment of new enterprises have no significant impact on the industrial SO2 emissions and the industrial solid waste.The hypothesis of"pollution refuge"does not hold water in Shandong.The other control varia-bles,however,have an impact on the industrial"three wastes"discharge and the regional differences between the east and the west of Shandong province.The analyses of the industrial transfer's impact on industrial SO2 emissions and industrial wastewater discharge show that the pollution refuge claim is true in the west but not in the eastern regions.Besides,there is a"pollution halo"effect.