论开放经济条件下产业结构政策的有效性

产业结构政策的有效性实际上包括两个方面：一是产业政策实施过程的有效性,即产业结构政策实施后能否达到政府所希望的优化的产业结构标准的目的;二是产业政策实施结果的有效性,即在产业结构政策的实施使得产业结构得到了预期的优化标准后,这种优化能否对实际的经济变量产生有利的影响。通过一个简单的模型从理论上探讨开放经济下产业结构政策的实施过程的有效性,可以看出其有效性取决于其政策所支持的主导产业的经济类型及其政策的期限。

On the Efficiency of the Industrial Structure Policy in Open Economy

In effect, the efficiency of the industrial structure policy includes two aspects. One is the efficiency in the course of the implementation of the policy,i, e. , whether the optimization standard of the industrial structure hoped by the government can be achieved after the implementation of the industrial structure policy, such as the establishment of the leading position of the chosen industry and the absorption of investment of certain industry. The other is the efficiency of the result of the implementation of the industrial policy, i. e. , whether the optimization of the industrial structure has a beneficial effect on the variables in actual economy after the desired optimization standard of the industrial structure is achieved, such as the maximum of economic effectiveness and the maximum of welfare. Though there has been much discussion over the efficiency of the industrial structure policy of Japan in the economic field since 1980, the discussion has been confined to the efficiency of the result of the implementation of the industrial policy. And few people have made a penetrating study of the efficiency of the industrial structure policy in open economy. This paper intends to delve further into the efficiency in the course of the implementation of the industrial structure policy in open economy in theory through a simple model and comes to the conclusion that the efficiency depends on the economic types of the leading industry supported by the policy and the time limit of the policy.