我国乡土文化的特征及其转型

文化的复杂性决定了对文化进行类型学研究的必要,在界域层面上,乡土文化和城市文化两种文化类型的二元对立,是当代中国文化发展所面临的主要问题之一,我国当下所进行的文化改革,其本质包含了乡土文化从传统形态向现代转型的过程。在这个过程中,乡土文化所固有的空间特征、人际关系特征、个体理性特征以及伦理本位特征都受到了前所未有的挑战。这个转型过程表现为从封闭同质到开放异质、从"生存理性"到"经济理性"以及从伦理本位到利益本位的转变。

The Characteristics and Transformation of Chinese Rural Culture

The complexity of culture determines the necessity of the topological study of culture. The opposition between rural and urban culture is one of the main problems during the development of contemporary Chinese culture. The cultural reform this country currently experiences is essentially a transformation of the traditional mode of rural culture to its modern mode. In this process, the inherent characteristics of rural culture, including those of the spatial, of the interpersonal relationship, of the individual rationality and of the ethical, experience a challenge never faced before. This transformation presents itself as a transformation from a close and homogenous culture to an open and heterogeneous one, from ＂surviving rationality＂ to ＂economic rationality＂, and from an ethics-based one to an interested-based one.