FDI技术溢出与中国企业创新产出

采用2004年至2008年中国30个省市自治区的面板数据,运用二级三要素CES生产函数分析FDI对中国企业技术创新溢出效应的可行性,揭示FDI、R&D经费投入和R&D人力资本投入3个投入要素之间以及与企业创新产出之间的复杂关系。研究结果表明,要素间的固定替代弹性系数不等于1,因而证明了运用CES生产函数的可行性;FDI对中国企业创新产出产生正面的溢出效应,FDI流入量每增加1%,能使专利申请授权数增加0.18%;但是通过计算1990年至2008年FDI对企业创新的产出弹性发现,该产出弹性并没有随FDI引进量的增加而增加,反而有所下降;R&D经费投入和R&D人力资本投入是影响企业对FDI知识溢出吸收能力的关键因素,中国R&D人力资本的缺乏抑制了企业吸收FDI知识溢出的能力。

Spillover Effect of FDI and Innovation Output of Chinese Enterprises

This paper uses panel data of 30 provinces and municipalities of China from 2004 to 2008 and discusses the feasibility of using a two-level nested CES production function with three input factors to analyze the spillover effect of FDI on enterprises′ innovation output.This paper tries to discover the complex relationship between the innovation output and three input factors which include capital of R&D,labor R&D and FDI.The empirical result shows that the constant elasticity of substitution among factors is not equal to 1,and therefore supports the feasibility of using CES production function.The input of FDI has positive spillover effect on enterprises′ innovation output.The authorized patent application will increase by 0.18 percent with every 1 percent increase in FDI inflows.However,by calculating the elasticity of FDI on innovation output between 1990 and 2008,the elasticity of FDI on innovation output is declining instead of increasing with FDI.R&D expenditure and R&D human capital investment are key factors that affect the enterprises′ absorptive capacity for FDI spillovers.The lack of R&D human capital prevents the enterprises′ ability to absorb knowledge spillovers from FDI.