国民性、主体性、功能性的错综与纠缠——鲁迅对东亚封建宗法伦理中皇权思想的反思

在鲁迅看来,皇权思想与国民性之间具有密切的关联。在东亚,日本的皇权思想主要造成了主体性丧失问题,中国的皇权思想主要表现为国民性问题,同时又在一定程度上表现为主体性问题。而这也使鲁迅从对国民性的批判转向对皇权的批判。但他的困境在于:皇权思想不但造成国民性问题,融入国民个体的灵魂,而且其所行使的功能性也融入了整个国家和现代化运动的灵魂。

Complexity of National Character, Subjectivity and Functionality——Lu Xun's Reflection on the Thought of Imperial Power in Eastern Asia Feudal Patriarchal Ethic

In Lu Xun's mind,thought of imperial power and national character are closely related,and the ghost of imperial power haunted countless Chinese people.At the same time,Lu Xun discovers that thought of imperial power can not be simply identified as national characteristic because inferior national characteristic is the result of imperial power oppression.Therefore,thought of imperial power is the main reason for inferiority of national character and loss of subjectivity,which makes Lu Xun changes his idea from the criticism of national character to that of imperial power.However,Lu Xun's dilemma is that thought of imperial power not only causes the problem of national character and is deeply planted in individual mind but also seeps into the soul of entire nation and modernization as its functionality.