油气管道地下通过权的法律属性探析

油气管道地下通过权是指管道权利人为在他人地下空间建筑和保有油气管道而对他人地下空间进行占有、使用和收益的权利，其法律属性为地下建设用地使用权。当油气管道铺设于农村集体土地之下时，试图改变现行的由国家先征收集体土地再出让给管道企业的做法，由农村集体直接出让地下空间使用权给管道企业，将更有利于维护集体的土地利益。土地的立体化利用会加剧不同层次土地权利人之间的土地利用冲突，在国家给予合理空间规划的基础上，管道权利人应通过相邻关系规则和地役权关系的建立来调整其与周边土地权利人在土地利用中的冲突。

Legal Analysis on the Underground Passage Right of the Oil and Gas Pipelines

“The underground passage right of the oil and gas pipelines” refers to the right that the pipeline company holds to build and retain oil and gas pipelines in underground space of others.Based on the analysis of China’s existing legislation and the jurisprudence，the article thinks that the nature of this right should be underground construction land use right.If the pipelines are laid under the collective land，under the current law，the state will first expropriate the collective land and then sell it to the pipeline company.The article thinks if the collective can transfer underground space to the pipeline company directly that will be more conducive to the interests of the collective.In order to coordinate land use conflicts with other land rights holders，pipeline companies can take advantage of rules of adjacent relations and servitudes to deal with land use conflicts.