给付负担过重规则——情势变更原则具体化的一个例证

履行行为持续时间较长的合同面临情势变更的风险。当履约环境发生无法预见之重大变化,致使当事人之间的利益平衡遭受严重破坏时,立法上须建立相应的调整机制,即应当确立情势变更原则。但是,情势变更原则的抽象性使得该原则存在难以操作的弊端,所以必须把它予以具体化。出于对司法变更权加以约束的考虑,情势变更原则必须在规则的层面上实现具体化,因而,给付负担过重规则应为该原则具体化的一条有效途径。

Discussing the Rule of Payment Burden Overweight:A Scheme of the Embodiment of Clausula Rebus Sic Stantibus

The contract,which is in the state that the behavior of fulfilling continues for a long period,brings forward a risk of "rebus sic stantibus".When the circumstances for fulfilling contract happen huge changes what cannot be foreseen and the balance of interests of treated payments between parties are broken hardly,the corresponding system must be set up in legislation that is "clausula rebus sic stantibus".But,the characteristic of abstract of "clausula rebus sic stantibus" leads the disadvantage that this principle isn't of the characteristic of operation.So,it must be embodied.Considering this problem,scholars all around the world have brought forward many theories.For restricting the power of judicial modification,"clausula rebus sic stantibus" must be embodied in the lay of rule.So,"rule of payment burden overweight" is the apt legal choice.