文化遗产保护的观念与实践的思考

作为文化遗产保护的内容 ,无论是物质文化还是非物质文化都携带着历史情感、国家和民族的象征与信仰等 ,需要多学科的知识系统来应对。文化遗产保护的观念有一个发展的历史过程 ,到 20 世纪时 ,文物保护的原则、目的和指导措施渐成系统。国家作为文物保护的主要承担者 ,应建立一个权威的、囊括科学家和人文社会学者的多学科专家组成的委员会 ,审查和批准文物保护工程计划 ;在民俗文化保护中 ,尊重弱势族群的参与权和受益权 ,把学院研究与项目实践结合 ,形成中国式的理论与行动框架 , 这是人类学的学科原则和目标。影视人类学不仅可以完成文化遗产的保存 ,而且还能“激活”文化遗产的当代意义 ,在当今文化遗产保护与传承工作中至关重要。

Reflections on Views and Practices of Cultural Heritage Protection

As the body of cultural heritage protection , both tangible culture and intangible culture carry the history as well as the symbols and faiths of a country or nation , so multi-disciplinary knowledge is needed for their preservation . The consciousness of cultural heritage preservation took time to develop , and the principles , goals and guidelines came to be systematized only by the 20th century . As an undertaker of heritage preservation , the government should establish an authoritative committee which includes scientists as well as scholars in humanities and social sciences to evaluate and approve of the projects of heritage preservation . In terms of the protection of folk cultures , respect for the participation and benefits of disadvantaged groups and integration of academic research with practice are the disciplinary principles and objectives of anthropology . Visual anthropology can not only realize the preservation but also″activate″the contemporary significance of cultural heritage , so it plays a very important role in today's cultural heritage protection.