底层社会中个体职业身份建构类型研究——以南京市环卫业农民工为例

农民工属于我国底层社会群体中一个重要组成部分。从事环卫职业的农民工面临多方面的社会排斥,其职业集体身份呈现"污名化"的特点。在这个背景下,这个群体建构个体职业身份主要从以下两个维度进行:即对环卫职业集体身份的认知、评价以及对自身和环卫职业集体身份之间关系的认知、评价。这两个维度之间交错变化使环卫业农民工在建构个体职业身份时表现出三种不同的类型,即积极融入型、矛盾冲突型和消极逃避型。剖析环卫业农民工个体职业身份的建构类型有利于我们培养环卫业农民工对环卫职业的认同感和归属感,有利于环卫业农民工的城市融入和市民化进程,有利于促进城市现代化发展与和谐社会建设。

The Construction Types of Individual Occupation Identity Research in the Bottom of Society: A Case Study of Sanitation Migrant Workers in Nanjing

China’s migrant workers are an important component in the bottom of society.The migrant workers engaged in sanitation occupation faces many aspects of social exclusion,with their collective identity showing "stigma" features.In this context,they construct their individual-occupation identity mainly from two dimensions:one is their cognition and evaluation of the collective identity,the other is the cognition and evaluation of the relationship between their own and the collective-occupation identity.The staggered change between the two dimensions make the sanitation migrant workers show three different types in constructing individual-occupation identity: actively participation type,conflicts type and passive avoidant type.To interpret the types of individualoccupation of sanitation migrant workers will help us build the identity and sense of belonging of the sanitation migrant workers for sanitation occupation,and have the benefit of their participation of cities and urbanization process for sanitation migrant workers,and have the benefit of promoting the development of urban modernization and the construction of harmonious society.