进城农民工子女状况的现状分析和对策

农民工是我国特有的城乡二元体制的产物,在以户籍制度及其衍生的社会福利政策的城乡差异制约下,农民工自身在城市尚难以完全享有与城镇居民同等的社会福利,并且由于教育资源的稀缺性和有限性,农民工子女的受教育问题仍然是现时期中国义务教育的难点和薄弱环节。这不仅表现在农民工子女获取平等的教育机会和条件需进一步妥善解决,并且对教育过程和教育效果公平又提出新的要求。本文通过2010年流动人口动态监测工作调查数据,选取户籍为农业户口的进城农民工样本,并对其15周岁以下子女进行性别年龄结构和分布特征分析,通过区分不同年龄段、不同流动类型和不同居住地类型三个维度,对农民工子女的辍学率和就读学校类型等进行深入研究,根据存在的问题,提出相关对策建议。

Analysis on the Present Status and Countermeasures of the Children of Migrant Worker in the City

The migrant worker was produced in the special background in our country because of the unique dual system between city and countryside.With the diversity of household register and social welfare,migrant workers don’t enjoy the same social welfare as the people in the city.At the same time,because of the scarcity and limitation of educational resources,education problem of the migrant workers’ children is more and more concerned,which not only need provide equal educational opportunities and equal conditions,but also need propose some new requirement of equal education process and education effects.According to dynamic monitoring of floating population survey data in 2010,take the migrant workers’ children below the 15 years old age as the example,the paper analyze the sex and age structure,distribution characteristics,school drop rate and school type from the different ages,different float type and different residence in detail,put forward some related policy proposals according to existing problems.