收入差距与中国城镇居民消费行为的实证研究

本文采用AIDS(Almost Ideal Demand System)模型,研究了收入差距对中国城镇居民消费行为影响的问题.根据我国城镇居民的消费热点:耐用消费品、医疗、交通、通讯、教育、娱乐、住房,并补充居民生活必需品:食品和衣着,本文将城镇居民的消费品种分为9大类、将城镇居民按收入分为7组,同时添加反映居民收入分组的虚拟变量,采用三阶段最小二乘法(3SLS)对联立方程进行估计.所建模型统计检验结果显示:模型能够有效地反映出不同收入居民间的消费行为的差异,并克服了采用分地区数据导致的估计拟合度不理想、参数显著性不足的缺点.主要研究结论是:收入差距对中国城镇居民的消费行为存在一定的影响,特别是耐用消费品,但在衣着、教育等消费上影响不大.

Income Difference and Empirical Analysis on Consumption Behaviors of Chinese Citizens

Based on AIDS,this paper researches the impacts of income difference on Chinese citizens' consumption behaviors of Food,Cloth,Durable Consumable,Medical,Transportation,Communication,Education,Entertainment and House,which are the common or popular consumption goods nowadays.Citizens are classified into seven groups by their incomes and been shown by dummy variables in the models.The models,estimated by 3SLS,clearly reveal the differences of consumption behaviors by income group and overcome the shortcomings of estimation by area group.Through the analysis,we can make the conclusions that income difference does affect the citizens' consumption behaviors,especially consumption of durable consumable,but it has little effects on consumption of cloth and education.