协商民主制度化: 民主创新与协商体系

协商民主如何实现制度化,尤其是如何通过民主创新直接吸收公民参与政治过程,这一问题受到了学界的广泛关注。认识、理解和分析协商民主制度化能够为当前有关协商民主体系的争论提供一个重要的、批判性的视角。以往任何一种制度都无法包容所有价值,协商民主的价值有时会相互冲突,权衡和妥协在制度设计中是必要的,只有实现各制度之间的配合才能最大限度地调和这些价值。因此,探讨如何使协商民主能更有效地嵌入整个政治系统,并与其他制度形成配合,是当前研究工作所面临的重要挑战,而其中最关键、最具实践意义的便是对制度化策略的研究。

The Institutionalization of Deliberative Democracy: Democratic Innovations and the Deliberative System

There is extensive interest in how deliberative democracy can be institutionalized, in particular through forms of democratic innovation that directly engage citizens in the political process. This paper analyses two aspects of this ″institutional turn″. First, through a comparison of mini-publics and participatory budgeting, it shows how the design of any democratic innovation involves trade-offs between deliberative democratic goods. Second, it reflects on the pressing question of how democratic innovations can be integrated more effectively into the political system. The article concludes that the focus on institutionalization provides an important critical perspective on current debates on deliberative systems.