检察机关参与环境公益诉讼的合理性及制度构建

《民事诉讼法》虽确立了环境公益诉讼制度，但没有明确规定由哪些机关和组织向人民法院提起环境公益诉讼，也缺乏具体的环境公益诉讼机制和程序，使得司法适用面临诸多困难。因检察机关是环境公益最合适的代表，提起环境公益诉讼符合检察机关的性质和职能，检察机关也具备提起环境公益诉讼的专业知识和能力，所以检察机关具有参与环境公益诉讼的合理性，甚至优于环境保护行政主管部门和其他依照法律规定行使环境保护监督管理权的行政部门。在制度构建方面，确定检察机关全过程参与的原则，检察机关可通过支持起诉、检察监督、直接起诉参与环境公益诉讼，具体制度包括登记备案、环境公益损害调查、提起诉讼等方面。

Reasonableness and System Constructionof Prosecutors Involved in Environmental Public Interest Litigation

Although “Civil Litigation Law” established environmental public interest litigation system，but does not specify which organs and tissues as the plaintiff，but also the lack of specific mechanisms and procedures for environmental public interest litigation，making the judicial application faces many difficulties.Because the prosecution is the most appropriate representative of environmental public interest，starting environmental public interest litigation meet the nature and functions of the prosecution，prosecutors also have expertise and capability to start environmental public interest litigation，so prosecutors have rationality to participate in environmental public interest litigation，even better environmental protection administration departments and other administration departments according to law.In the system construction，the author proposes the principle of the whole process involved in environmental public interest litigation for the prosecution，that participate in environmental public interest litigation by support sue，prosecutorial supervision，sue directly.Specific systems include registration，environmental public injury investigation，and filed litigation and so on.