关于先秦兵家研究的几个问题

作为诸子百家之一的先秦兵家构建了中国古代兵学思想的基本框架及理论体系,成为整个中国古代兵学思想的源头。兵家并非源于"司马"这一官职,而是源于社会实践和人类文明的进步。春秋末期,诸国争霸和学术下移的社会现实催生了兵家思想,其标志是《孙子兵法》的出现。至战国时期,逐渐形成了兵权谋、兵阴阳、兵形势和兵技巧四个流派,它们之间既有个性,又相互兼容。权谋为"体",形势、阴阳和技巧皆为"用"。先秦兵家提倡仁爱,反对"不义"战争,以战止战是先秦兵家思想的核心,是中国传统文化的重要组成部分,其地位与作用不容忽视。

A Study of the Pre-Qin Military Strategy

As one of the "Hundred Schools of Thought," the pre-Qin military strategy not only constructs the basic framework and theoretical system of ancient Chinese military thoughts,but also makes it the source of these thoughts.The pre-Qin military strategy does not come from the title of "SiMa," Master of War,but from social practice and the progress of human civilization.Towards the end of the Spring and Autumn Period,the social reality of the hegemony among kingdoms and the academic slack fostered the military strategic thoughts represented by Sun-tzu’s Art of War.During the period of the Warring States,the military strategic thoughts have gradually developed into four schools,namely the military power scheme,military opposite principles,military conditions and military techniques.These schools have their own characteristics but are compatible with each other at the same time.The school of the military power scheme is the base of other schools.The pre-Qin military strategy advocates benevolence and opposes unrighteous wars.The core theoretical value of the pre-Qin military strategy is to end one war by another war,which enjoys an important place and plays an important role in the culture of ancient China.