走向法治化的中国社会——我国城市居民法治意识与法律行为的实证研究

本文运用实证研究资料,对我国居民的法律意识与法律行为进行了分析,并与美国的同类研究进行了对比研究。研究发现,中美服从法律的程度存在较为显著的差异,我国居民对司法机构的公正性有较大的宽容度,由于对法律是否服从源于人们是否认同法律的“合法性”,对法律合法性的认同程度是衡量人们法律意识的强弱,衡量一个社会的法治化水平高低的重要指标。因此,中国在走向法治化社会的过程中,虽然中国法律权威的建立有赖于政府权威,但法律权威只有尽早脱离政府权威,并成为超越一切权威的权威,法治化进程才有可能完成。

Development of rule of law in China-Study about citizens' knowledge about the rules of law and the legal behavior

This article analyzes citizens' consciousness and behavior on law in China,and also com-pares with studies in Us.It reveals t hat there is great difference in the e xtent to which Chinese and Ameri-can obey law.Chinese have great tole rance on the justice of judicature.Whether people obey law or not o-riginates from people' s agreement on the"legitimacy"of law.So the degree to which people a gree on the legitimacy of law is a measure about people' s consciousness on law,and social le vel on rule of law.In the process of rule of law in China,although the authority of law depends on th e government ' s authority,the former should break away from the latter as soon as possible and becomes th e supreme over other authori-ties,thus we can achieve the goal.