匡山书院与“南宫义举”的由来与价值

泰和县地处吉泰盆地核心区，自古以来是粮食农业发达之区，为发展文化事业奠定了坚实的经济基础。朝廷科举与民办书院相互为用，促进文化教育逐步发展。南唐时期罗韬在家乡创办匡山书院，开风气之先。南宋中期泰和县人士率先实施“南宫义举”，在社会上树立了一个榜样，是社会文教事业的大进步。泰和“南宫义举”的首创地位，依史有据，无可怀疑。“义举（约）”形式的赞助发展为设立“贡士庄”，为扶贫而起的襄助进而对全体赴考者的资助，改自费赴考为官费赴考，是文教制度上的完善，对发展书院教育与维持科举事业有积极效益。

The Origin and Value of Kuang Hill Academy and "Patronage of Southern Palace"

Taihe County is located in the core area of Jitai Basin.Since ancient times,it is a developed area of food and agriculture,and this laid a solid economic foundation for the development of culture.Imperial examination and private academies took advantage of each other to promote the progressive development of culture and education.In Southern Tang Dynasty,Luo Tao founded Kuang Hill Academy in his hometown,which was a model in Jitai Basin.For the first time,people of Taihe county carried out “Patronage of Southern Palace” in the middle of Southern Song Dynasty,and gave an imitation for others.This meant a great development of social culture and education.The originality of “Patronage of Southern Palace” relied on the historical materials and was beyond question.Later,this kind of patronage based on the charitable agreement developed into“Gongshi Farm”；at the same time,the patronage to the poor became the assistance for all the participants to imperial examination,and the examination at their own expense changed to the one at the state expense.This kind of improvement of cultural and educational system contributed to the academic education and imperial examination.