农业机械化服务对家庭农场的作用机理——一个理论分析框架

近年来，以规模化和集约化为主要特征的家庭农场发展迅速，以服务家庭农场和农户农机作业为主的农机社会化服务体系基本形成。农业机械化服务能显著降低生产成本、提高生产效率、增加经济效益，实现了家庭农场规模报酬递增；国家通过出台宏观政策培育和发展农机社会化服务组织，直接或间接促进家庭农场的发展；农机社会化服务以中观供求市场合理的价格机制，调节家庭农场与农机社会化服务组织协同发展，实现共同利益最大化；农业机械化服务对生产经营成本、产量、利润等基本要素的直接影响，从微观上实现了对家庭农场的传导作用。只有制定系统的宏观支持政策，改革市场供需结构，重视要素传导反馈，引导农机装备产业优化结构，加强农业科技创新补贴支持力度、加强农机化服务队伍建设，才能达到农机社会化服务供需的最大匹配度，实现互促共赢。

The Mechanism of Agricultural Mechanization Service on Family Farm:A Theoretical Analysis Framework

In recent years,family farms,which are mainly characterized by scale and intensification,have developed rapidly,and the socialized service system of agricultural machinery mainly serving family farms and farmers' agricultural machinery operations has been basically formed.Agricultural mechanization service has significantly reduced production costs,improved production efficiency,increased economic benefits,and achieved an increase in family farm scale returns.Through the introduction of macro policies to cultivate and develop agricultural mechanization social service organizations,the state has directly or indirectly promoted the development of family farms.With the reasonable price mechanism of medium supply and demand market,agricultural mechanization social service can adjust the coordinated development of family farm and agricultural mechanization social service organization to realize the maximization of common interests.Agricultural mechanization service has a direct impact on production and operation cost,yield,profit and other basic factors,and has a microcosmic transmission effect on family farms.Only by formulating systematic macro-support policies,reforming the structure of market supply and demand,attaching importance to the transmission and feedback of factors,guiding the optimization of the structure of agricultural machinery and equipment industry,strengthening the support of subsidies for agricultural science and technology innovation,and strengthening the construction of agricultural machinery service team,can the maximum matching degree of supply and demand of socialized agricultural machinery service be achieved,and mutual promotion and win-win results be achieved.