初学汉语的东南亚留学生汉字书写偏误分析

选择8位来自越南、老挝、泰国、柬埔寨的留学生,收集他们初学汉语三个半月中的汉字书写偏误,根据分类不重叠,便于分析的原则分为笔画、部件和整字偏误三大类,对偏误产生的原因侧重从认知规律、汉字字形特点进行分析,在此基础上提出教学建议。研究发现,初学汉语的东南亚留学生的书写偏误与非汉文化圈的欧美学生没有明显区别,多属于系统前的＂低级＂偏误,他们的优势主要体现在＂字感＂和心理认知上。

Analysis of Chinese Character Writing Mistakes of Southeast Asian Students as Beginners of the Chinese Language

With 8 students from Vietnam,Laos,Thailand and Cambodia as an example,this paper analyzes their Chinese character writing mistakes in their first 3 months and a half＇s learning of Chinese.It is shown that their main mistakes lie in strokes,components and overall characters.Accordingly,the causes are revealed in terms of cognition and the features of Chinese character forms.It is pointed out that these mistakes are basically＂low-level＂resulting from the deviation of ＂sense of Chinese character＂and cognition.