尼采的文化进化观与超人范畴

受达尔文进化论影响 ,尼采在生命哲学的基础上形成了文化进化思想。他的“精神三变” ,既是文化的三个形态 ,又是文化进化的三个阶段 ,并在辩证否定中催生出“超人”。在尼采的文化进化论里 ,充满着生命、强力意志、自我超越和永恒循环的思想 ,尼采正是在这个意义上来界定“人”的。“超人”就是在抗拒世俗的悲剧中自我超越 ,而一般的人则在世俗文化的滥觞中沉沦。

Nietzsche's Category of Cultural Evolutionism and Category of Superman

Influenced by Darwins Evolutionism,Nietzsche formed his cultural evolutionism on the basis of life philosophy. His theory of Trio-Transformations in Spirit refers both three forms and three stages in cultural evolution. During discriminative negation he produced the idea of "superman." Nietzsches cultural evolutionism is full of life,powerful will,self-transcendent and endless recurrent thoughts,on the basis of which Nietzsche defines "man." Superman is the one who achieves self-transcendent by disputing worldly tragedies,whereas ordinary mortal sinks in the overflow of worldly culture.