论全真音乐机制与全真道士的诗词艺术

全真音乐主要是施之于修持,其法有唱诵与吟诵等;另一种是施之于庆祝、祈祷等法事的,以声乐演唱为主。全真道士在传教过程中,既与士大夫唱和赠答;亦面向大众布道而强化词的音乐性,其方式是或继承能歌的词调,或将词调进行改造,或自创词牌,使渐趋雅化乃至僵化的词变得鲜活、俚俗,使词体更容易向曲体发生转换,成为词曲之间流变的中介和津梁。这无疑具有重要的文学史意义。

On the Music Mechanism and the Poetry of the Quanzhen Sect of Taoism

Music of the Quanzhen Sect is mainly applied in self-cultivation by chanting and reciting.It is also applied in the ceremonies of celebration or prayer by vocal performance.Under the influence of the music context,the creation of poetry styles by Taoists of the Quanzhen Sect is active and fruitful during their missionary process.On the one hand,they came in contact with the scholar-officials through the exchange of poetry,and,on the other hand,the musical merits of poetry were intensively emphasized in sermons to the general public.Methods to deal with the tonal patterns and rhyme schemes of poetry are: inheriting the traditional ones,modifying the unsuitable ones or creating new ones.Thus,the literary attainments of the Quanzhen Sect promote poetry to a further step as the refined and petrified styles turned to become vivid and vulgar.Making the poetry more suitable for singing and the music more applicable for poetry,the music mechanism and the poetry of the Quanzhen Sect are undoubtedly very important in the literary history.