迷失在“诉诸后果”谬误中的中国哲学学术

中国当代哲学界的不少学者对哲学理论的评价,是以哲学理论对社会政治进程的影响为标准的,而不是以哲学理论本身的学理根据为标准。这样的情况说明中国哲学界的很多学者都犯了"诉诸后果"的错误。"诉诸后果"是西方学术界公认的一种推理错误,就是以某命题为真或我们相信某一命题为真时可能导致的后果的好与坏来判决命题是否为真。过去把哲学等同于意识形态留下的习惯可能是这种谬误的根源之一,中国的传统思维习惯以及改革开放以来的特殊理论环境也有可能是造成哲学学术还没步入正轨的因素,将"价值"混同于"意识形态"则是导致相关概念混乱的一个理念性根源。

The Chinese Philosophical Scholarship:Lost in the Fallacy of "Argumentum ad consequentiam"

Many scholars in Chinese philosophical circle have committed the fallacy of "argumentum ad consequentiam" or "appeal to consequences",that is,using socio-political consequences of a philosophical theory as the exclusive criterion for evaluating its validity.Such a situation could be a result of conceptually equating philosophy with ideology,that had once prevailed in China as an official doctrine.Other factors that came out of the peculiar socio-political background might have also contributed to such a confusion.