从破窗理论看环境公害治理

破窗理论启示我们，环境污染事件泛滥的重要原因是，大量的环境违法犯罪行为没有被查处，环境领域的无序状态导致一些企业纷纷仿效；要改变这种现状，必须引入“零容忍”的打击政策。但由于环境违法犯罪行为自身的特殊性、政府失灵、行政资源的有限性等因素的影响，很难实现对环境违法犯罪行为“零容忍”。要消除这些不利因素，必须为公民参与环境污染治理开山劈道，用公民环境公权力补充、制约国家环境公权力。同时，为了提高打击力度，必须完善现行环境公益诉讼制度，赋予公民原告资格。

Implications from the Broken Window Theory to Environmental Hazards Control

The Broken Window Theory and the“zero tolerance”policy derived from it reveal that one of the important causes for environmental illegal activities is that such violations remain unpunished ,and the disordering runs rampant .To change the status quo ,“zero tolerance” policy must be introduced .However ,factors like particularities of violation ,government failure and limita‐tions of administrative resources hinder execution .To eliminate these negative factors ,we must provide opportunities for citizens to participate in environmental pollution control so that civil rights in environment can supplement or restrict state rights in en‐vironment .However ,though the new Code of Civil Procedure establishes environmental public welfare suit system ,it seriously limits plaintiff qualification so that there has not been an environmental public welfare suit case over the past year .Therefore ,to enforce the crackdown ,it is necessary to improve the environmental public welfare suit and grant citizens plaintiffs qualification .